My paternal grandfather Park was a patriarch. I did not know him well; just childhood memories. We visited at Christmas. One time, for example, I had to go to the bathroom. I knocked on the white frame of the door. Tap tap. "Who’s there?" I heard him say. "It's me!" I squeaked, "I need to go to the bathroom." His voice came back through the frame. "Do you have to do number one or number two?" I had no idea what he meant, and said so. He repeated himself, this time his voice taking on an unmistakable playfulness. "I don't have a number," I said, exasperated. "I have to go to the bathroom!" This went back and forth a bit longer, until finally he, chuckling, explained the whole arrangement and that was that. The subject of our exchange is not why I remember. We could have been talking about furniture or the weather. It was the unexpected mirth, the sense of play behind what he said. It startled me. I hadn't expected it. My grandparents weren't exactly the get-down-on-the-floor with you type. If things had been different, if his health hadn't declined, if my parent's divorce hadn't come in like Hurricane Katrina and obscured the day-to-day building of an emotional landscape, perhaps that moment of humor would have been more than something. And yet, Park is as much a patriarch to me as Abraham.
Before Park there wasn't much, just working-class white Mississippi lumbermen-turned-sharecroppers: farm manners and farm equipment, harvest and hard work, all baked together in the humid heat of the American South. The horizon wasn't any further than the few miles you could see across the delta cotton. That farmhouse. That silo. That rusting plow. That copse of trees. All thrusting up through a green pinstripe laid across the dark earth. But something happened to this young man. No one knows what it was--a spark from somewhere: "But who is there that calls upon Thee without knowing Thee? For he that knows Thee not may call upon Thee as other than Thou art. Or perhaps we call on Thee that we may know Thee. “But how shall they call on Him in whom they have not believed? or how shall they believe without a preacher?” (Rom. 10.14) Augustine didn't know either. But somehow Park looked a little further over the flat horizon, and that makes him a patriarch.
Park had a good voice, at least that's what my dad has told me. It contributed to the religious seriousness went deep into this man. Park was a faithful Southern Baptist, active in church, fervent about religion. Religion was a place he could have status, that's what my step-mom Karen theorizes. Being a center of the church in the South gave social recognition in the community that was unavailable otherwise to the working-class. My Dad tells stories of driving his father in a swelteringly hot, black Lincoln to gospel sings all over the Delta; Southern fundamentalism was pillar and post in Park's mind, but Christ was mixed too deeply in the narrow ridges of Southern religion. A Judeo-Christian ethic, steeped in premillennial Darbyian dispensationalism, kept Park out of drink and the whorehouses; but Southern religiosity added law to Christian freedom and hardened opinion and tradition into prejudices and protectionism. Each of his three sons have since struggled to find their own way between their father's Christian faith and the blue-collar fundamentalism that came with it.
Park had a real awareness of the class structure of American society, of where he was on it, and of what it took to move upwards: education. This to me is the most unexplainable part of his personality. Plenty of country people are religious, and deeply so, but few are class ambitious. How was it that this man decided not only to amend his ethics but turn his face upward toward the middle class? Park married a cosmopolitan girl; not a Yankee, but a Southerner whose father worked the railroad. They were from Tennessee, a border state, and her father's job took them all over the South, wherever the railroad went. (It should be remembered that railroads stretch beyond the horizon, and mathematically, the parallel tracks upon which so much may go will never meet.) Their marriage was sociable enough--it is hard to gather data from my distance. Nevertheless, class consciousness figures in his choice of a wife. Park had a study. I remember it well enough, a man's room, full of hats from all over and an atmosphere that was about as Indiana Jones as Indianola MS can get. Kitsch, yes, but a kitsch that bespoke awareness of something larger than itself. His books--and their house had books. I mentioned the Lincoln. He even did genealogical research, tracing the family line all the way back to the Isle of Kent (or so he said. He didn't know to document and footnote his discovery process. Rather, I'm told he set it down as a poem.) Over the course of his life, Park collected what trappings of a better class as he could. He never freed himself from them, they were never his, but they were at least present.
I'm not sure how conscious he was of any of this, but I'd like to think he understood at some level that he himself could never transcend his own origins. As he aged, as his sons grew up, there is a despair, even a desperation, that tells in things if you look at them hard enough. He was a spendthrift who liked to dress well, meaning that he played, irresponsibly, at visions of a different life. Money was always his enemy and never his friend. Money, that constant barometer of class, of position in American society. Class ambition makes a man money-stupid; especially a man who, through music and religious faith, displayed an imagination given to constantly leap beyond himself, tempted always to phantasie, to live within an unreal life. The cracks in his personality became dividing lines between his sons, and like any patriarch, he was sometimes foolish about his boys. Each went on to play out their parts, just as sons of Abraham's always do.
What Park wasn't able to do, they did--mostly. A doctor and a deacon, an executive in healthcare information, a lawyer and playwright, each son inherited his father's class ambition. Each married according to that ambition. Their religious faith, too, bears his stamp, and at least one has had a very difficult time picking his way between faith and fundamentalism. What remained, economic security and the achievement of a Christian family culture, with the corresponding ability to make independent and free class decisions, they have partially achieved. Each of them moved out of Indianola. Each went on to college and some to postgraduate education. And mammon has also written its story into them, at times an unhappy story.
My generation lives from the margins of Park's patriarchal shadow. We almost have the freedom of self-determination. But if we're honest, we see that same ambition, that same struggle with faith and with economics, that was there in the beginning. And as for religion, most of the grandchildren attend church, though some of us have made choices outside the circle of the Southern Baptist Convention. One of us--the eldest son of one brother--is Greek Orthodox. Two others, including myself, are Episcopalian. What we are today and the questions that still pull at the edges of our lives: so many of these we did not create. We are living in the shadow of a patriarch, whether we like it or not--and some don't.
As Kara turns six tomorrow, I wonder how it will be for her and for Caleb. Will they finally find the freedom to write truly different stories, their own stories? Have I found solutions to the questions passed on to me so that these same questions will not, then, go on to them? Frankly, I'm unsure. Now that I am in the middle of what is now a multi-generational process, I cannot see into the future. I cannot tell whether more is required, or what might exist outside of a patriarch's demands.
No one really knows why Pater (his family nickname, but telling in its Latin) saw something, something in his surroundings and in himself, that was further out than he could see. But he did. So he "took his wife and all his possessions and set forth" (Gen. 12:5) and thus became a patriarch.